Impact of Nanoparticles from Ball-Milled Date Palm Biochar on the Hydro-Physical Characteristics of Sandy Soils

Water management in sandy soils (Typic Torripsamments) is crucial sustaining agricultural production. The main goal of this research was to assess the impact date palm biochar on physical properties soil with different particle sizes (macro and nano). For nano-biochar preparation, stick chips were established into a tubular furnace nitrogen air heated 400–450 °C, which accompanied by holding period 4 h. ball-milled inclined via ball grinding model number PQN2.110 planetary mill within jars (500 mL), biochar-to-sphere mass ratio 1:100. sphere-milling apparatus processed at speed 300 rpm for 13 Laboratory experiments carried out one rate—biochar 5%—and three depths (0.0–5, 5–10, 10–15 cm). Applying macro-biochar reduced cumulative evaporation compared control 4%, 24%, 14% particles depths. In contrast, 8%, 12%, 4% tested. Adding significantly raised amount retained water, highest level recorded 5–10 cm depth, while variations lower between macro when direction surface (0–5 cm), indicating significance mixing top 10 increase its ability reduce water soils. It could be concluded that applying coarse can positively hydro-physical availability plants.